Papers with systemic failure mode
Safety Is Not Universal: The Selective Safety Trap in LLM Alignment (2026.findings-acl)
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Iago Alves Brito, Walcy Rios, Julia Soares Dollis, Diogo Fernandes Costa Silva, Arlindo Rodrigues Galvão Filho
| Challenge: | Existing safety evaluations of large language models aggregate harms under generic categories such as "Identity Hate" a bilingual benchmark identifies a selective safety trap, where defense rates vary by up to 42% within the same model solely based on the target group. |
| Approach: | They propose a bilingual adversarial benchmark to audit selective safety in large language models . defense rates vary by up to 42% within the same model solely based on target group . |
| Outcome: | The proposed benchmark identifies a selective safety trap in large language models . defense rates vary by up to 42% within the same model solely based on the target group. |